Figure 1

ATP-induced lung edema and its mitigation by P2 receptor antagonist. A. Time course of wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio following the instillation of ATP. 50 μl of 100 mM ATP was instilled into the left lung. The W/D weight ratio was calculated 6–48 h after the instillation. n = 5–7 mice in each group; *p < 0.05 vs. pre-treatment. B. Dose-dependency test. The W/D weight ratio was calculated 24 h after the 50 μl of 100–200 mM ATP instillation. The W/D weight ratio increased in a dose-dependent manner and the difference reached statistical significance at 100 mM of ATP. n = 11–15 mice in each group; *p < 0.05 vs. saline. C. Mitigation of ATP-induced lung water accumulation by P2 receptor antagonism. The increase of W/D weight ratio induced by instillation of 100 mM ATP was attenuated by the co-administration of 50 mM PPADS and 100 mM ATP. The W/D weight ratio was measured 24 h after the instillation. n = 5–9 mice in each group; *p < 0.05 vs. control; #p < 0.01 vs. ATP. D. Mitigation of ATP-induced lung permeability by P2 receptor antagonism. Increase in permeability of alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells by instillation of 100 mM ATP. This effect was inhibited by the co-administration of 50 mM PPADS and 100 mM ATP. The permeability index was calculated 24 hr after the instillation. n = 7 mice in each group, *p < 0.05 vs. control; #p < 0.05 vs. ATP.