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Figure 10 | Respiratory Research

Figure 10

From: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) down-regulation in cystic fibrosis lymphocytes

Figure 10

Summarizing picture: PPARα in lymphocytes. PPARα inhibits the actions of the pro-inflammatory transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB through protein-protein interactions and by up-regulating the expression of IκB. The nuclear hormone receptor is inhibited by specific cytokines and by lymphocyte activation. In addition, we suggest that the imbalance of natural ligands in CF leads to deficiencies in PPARα activation. Therefore, lymphocytes may be turned into cells that promote inflammation in CF. We hypothesize that the addition of synthetic or natural ligands, such as fibrates and DHA respectively, may restore the activity and expression of PPARα, resulting in a more balanced lymphocytic immune response.

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