Accelerated decline in lung function in smoking women with airway obstruction: SAPALDIA 2 cohort study

Respiratory Research

Table 3 Mean annual change in lung function per pack-year to 1991 and per pack of cigarettes smoked per day between 1991 and 2002 in women and men

	Term	Annual change per pack-year to 1991			Annual change per packs per day between 1991 and 2002
		Coef	95%CI	p value	Coef	95%CI	p value
FEV₁[mL]
Men (n = 840)	Linear	-0.1	-0.2, 0.1	0.50	-10.4	-15.3, -5.5	<0.001
Women (n = 735)	Linear	1.3	0.7, 2.0	<0.001	-13.8	-19.5, -8.1	<0.001
	Quadratic	-0.04	-0.06, -0.02	<0.001	na	na	na
	Cubic	0.0004	0.0002, 0.0005	<0.001	na	na	na
FEF₇₅[mL/s]
Men (n = 798)	Linear	-0.6	-1.4, 0.1	0.11	-35.1	-57.5, -12.7	0.002
Women (n = 697)	Linear	-0.2	-1.0, 0.7	0.64	-18.6	-42.7,4.9	0.12
FEF₅₀[mL/s]
Men (n = 825)	Linear	-0.2	-0.6, 0.2	0.31	-22.4	-34.5, -10.3	<0.001
Women (n = 697)	Linear	0.2	-0.3, 0.8	0.31	-31.3	-46.1, -16.5	<0.001
FEF₂₅[mL/s]
Men (n = 823)	Linear	-0.05	-0.1, 0.1	0.59	-8.9	-14.5, -3.4	<0.002
Women (n = 731)	Linear	1.1	0.2, 1.9	0.01	-10.0	-17.3, -2.8	0.007
	Quadratic	-0.03	-0.6, -0.01	0.01	na	na	na
	Cubic	0.0003	0.00005, 0.0005	0.006	na	na	na

na: no association with polynomial terms
Covariates other than smoking variables:
Models for Men:
FEV₁ FEV₁, FEV₁ ², age, height, atopy, weight change, current exposure to dust & fumes at work, study area
FEF₇₅ FEF₇₅, FEF₇₅ ², age, age², atopy, maternal smoking, study area
FEF₅₀ FEF₅₀, age, weight, study area
FEF₂₅ FEF₂₅, FEF₂₅ ², FEF₂₅ ³, age, weight, weight change, study area
Models for Women:
FEV₁ FEV₁, FEV₁ ², age, age², height, height², atopy, weight change, study area
FEF₇₅ FEF₇₅, FEF₇₅ ², FEF₇₅ ³ age, paternal smoking, study area
FEF₅₀ FEF₅₀, age, weight, weight change, paternal smoking, study area
FEF₂₅ FEF₂₅, age, age², height, weight, weight change, study area

ISSN: 1465-993X