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Table 1 Markers of inflammation and toxicity in bronchoalveolar lavage

From: The crucial role of particle surface reactivity in respirable quartz-induced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation and APE/Ref-1 induction in rat lung

 

PBS

DQ12

DQ12+PVNO

DQ12+AL

Total cells (× 106)

1.2 ± 0.4

14.0 ± 3.8***

1.6 ± 0.5###

3.7 ± 1.2###

Total AM (× 106)

0.8 ± 0.1

2.8 ± 0.9***

1.3 ± 0.5##

1.7 ± 0.3#

Total PMN(× 106)

0.008 ± 0.008

9.1 ± 3.1***

0.1 ± 0.1###

1.4 ± 0.5###

PMN (%)

0.8 ± 0.5

64.9 ± 8.7***

6.7 ± 6.6###

37.1 ± 4.6*** ##

TP (μg/ml)

21.35 ± 8.61

76.1 ± 56.05

23.7 ± 7.94

31.23 ± 14.06

LDH (U/l)

12.2 ± 4.5

140.3 ± 38.2***

16.2 ± 5.2###

36.8 ± 12.1###

AP (U/l)

16.53 ± 2.09

22.15 ± 2.50*

12.82 ± 0.68###

15.25 ± 2.04##

  1. Significant differences of the particle instilled animals vs. PBS controls are shown by *** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05. Significant differences of the surface-modified quartzes vs. native quartz are shown by ### p < 0.001; ## p < 0.01; # p < 0.05.