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Table 1 This table shows PPAR-γ activators, inflammatory mediators affected by PPAR-γ expression and different disorders which can be controlled by up-regulation of PPAR-γ. Abbreviations: TZDs: Thiozolidinediones, NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 15D-PGJ2: 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2, Cpla2: cytosolic phospholipase A2, IL-4: Interleukin-4, MCP:1monocyte chemoattractant protein, G-CSF: granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF:granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, KC: keratinocyte-derived chemokine, NOS: Nitric oxide synthases, SP-B: surfactant proteins-B, MMP-9: matrix metalloproteinase 9, TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-β, IgE and IgG1: Immunoglubulin E and Immuno globulin G1, NF-κB: Nuclear factor-κB, EP2: Prostaglandin E2 receptor, PGE2: Prostaglandin E2.

From: The pathophysiological function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in lung-related diseases

LIGANDS

DOWN REGULATION

IMPLICATION

UP REGULATION

IMPLICATION

TZDs (Exogenous)

Cytokines (IL-8, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-13)

NOS

MCP-1

Asthma and other pulmonary inflammatory diseases

aP2

UCP1

UCP3

Acrp30

Insulin resistance

Obesity

Hyperlipidaemia

NSAIDs (Exogenous)

SP-B

AHR

   

15D-PGJ2 (Endogenous)

TGF-β

GATA-3

IgE and lgG1

   

IL-4 (Endogenous)

T-cell response

MMP-9

G-CSF and KC

   

azelaoyl-phosphocholine (Endogenous)

GM-CSF

COPD

FATP-1

LPL (Adipose tissue)

Atherosclerosis

Eicosenoids (Endogenous)

Cyclin D1

NF-κB

PGE2

EP2

Lung cancer (NSCLC, LCC)