Table 1 General description and univariate analysis of variables under study
From: Predicting treatment failure in patients with community acquired pneumonia: a case-control study
Variable (N, %) | CAP non-failure N = 170 | Early failure N = 40 | p value** | Late failure N = 43 | p value*** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 67.2 (17.6) | 67.4 (18.5) | 0.8 | 69.0 (15.8) | 0.8 |
Gender, male | 116 (68.6) | 26 (65) | 0.6 | 24 (55.8) | 0.1 |
Smoking habit | 31 (18.3) | 8 (20) | 0.8 | 13 (30.2) | 0.08 |
Alcohol intake | 17 (10.1) | 4 (10) | 0.9 | 5 (11.6) | 0.7 |
Pulmonary diseases | 66 (39.1) | 18 (45) | 0.4 | 23 (53.3) | 0.08 |
COPD | 31 (18.3) | 6 (15) | 0.6 | 7 (16.3) | 0.8 |
Previous Antibiotic therapy | 61 (36.1) | 19 (47.5) | 0.1 | 11 (25.6) | 0.2 |
Previous hospitalization | 33 (19.5) | 7 (17.5) | 0.8 | 7 (16.3) | 0.6 |
Previous CAP | 48 (28.4) | 8 (20) | 0.3 | 9 (20.9) | 0.3 |
Comorbidity (all) | 93 (54.7) | 15 (37.5) | 0.05 | 24 (55.8) | 0.9 |
Neurological | 47 (27.7) | 9 (22.5) | 0.5 | 13 (30.2) | 0.7 |
Cirrhosis | 5 (2.9) | 1 (2.5) | 0.8 | 2 (4.7) | 0.6 |
Cardiac insufficiency | 33 (19.4) | 4 (10.0) | 0.2 | 11 (25.6) | 0.4 |
Chronic Renal failure | 14 (8.3) | 1 (2.5) | 0.2 | 1 (2.3) | 0.2 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 39 (22.9) | 7 (17.5) | 0.5 | 7 (16.3) | 0.3 |
Digestive | 34 (20.0) | 8 (18.6) | 0.8 | 7 (17.5) | 0.7 |
Multilobar involvement | 34 (20.0) | 23 (53.5) | < 0.001 | 14 (35.0) | 0.04 |
ICU admission | 5 (3) | 6 (15) | 0.002 | 24 (55.8) | < 0.001 |
PSI IV-V | 108 (63.9) | 22 (55) | 0.3 | 34 (79.1) | 0.06 |
CURB 65 ≥ 3 | 50 (29.4) | 14 (35.0) | 0.6 | 22 (51.2) | 0.004 |
Pleural effusion | 24 (14.1) | 13 (32.5) | 0.006 | 9 (20.9) | 0.3 |
Mortality | 3 (1.8)* | 13 (32.5) | < 0.001 | 14 (32.6) | < 0.001 |
Length of hospital stay, mean (SD) | 8.1 (5.7) | 17.5 (10.5) | < 0.001 | 17.1 (17.1) | < 0.001 |
Pneumococcal pneumonia | 28 (16.5) | 8 (20.0) | 0.6 | 8 (18.6) | 0.7 |