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Table 2 Patient characteristics at year 1 assessment split by exacerbation phenotype over study years 1 and 2

From: Factors associated with change in exacerbation frequency in COPD

Year 1 Category

Year 1 IE (n=1289)

Year 1 FE (n=543)

Year 2 Category

Stayed as IE (n=1068)

Change to FE (n=221)

p-value

Stayed as FE (n=333)

Change to IE (n=210)

p-value

Characteristics at Year 1 Assessment

Age (years)

64 (7)

64 (7)

0.496

64 (7)

65 (7)

0.508

Females (%)

31%

41%

0.002

42%

40%

0.561

BMI (kg/m2)

27 (6)

26 (5)

0.007

26 (6)

26 (5)

0.918

Active smoker (%)

37%

35%

0.646

33%

32%

0.776

*FEV1 (L)

1.52 (0.56)

1.23 (0.45)

<0.001

1.09 (0.41)

1.23 (0.50)

<0.001

*FEV1 %predicted

53 (16)

45 (15)

<0.001

41 (15)

46 (16)

0.001

*FEV1/FVC %

47 (12)

43 (11)

<0.001

41 (11)

43 (12)

0.098

6-minute walk distance (m)

402 (124)

388 (114)

0.125

339 (125)

368 (107)

0.006

%predicted 6MWD

77 (23)

76 (22)

0.480

66 (24)

73 (21)

0.002

Blood oxygen saturation (%)

95.0 (2.8)

94.4 (2.7)

0.012

93.9 (3.2)

94.5 (2.7)

0.031

Emphysema LAA% (-950HU)

16 (12)

20 (13)

<0.001

21 (13)

19 (13)

0.126

mMRC Dyspnoea Score

1.5 (1.0)

1.7 (1.1)

0.004

2.1 (1.0)

1.8 (1.1)

<0.001

SGRQ Total Score

41 (18)

47 (19)

<0.001

57 (16)

50 (16)

<0.001

BODE Index

2.5 (1.9)

3.3 (2.0)

<0.001

4.2 (2.2)

3.4 (2.2)

<0.001

White blood cells (10^9/L)

7.4 (2.0)

7.5 (2.2)

0.926

8.2 (2.5)

7.9 (2.1)

0.082

Neutrophils, (10^9/L)

4.8 (1.7)

4.9 (2.1)

0.601

5.6 (2.4)

5.2 (1.9)

0.084

Platelets (10^9/L)

261 (70)

263 (69)

0.713

281 (77)

268 (70)

0.055

Fibrinogen (mg/dL)

423 [376–490]

438 [380–502]

0.092

480 [416–543]

444 [388–508]

<0.001

CRP (mg/dL)

3.0 [1.4-6.5]

3.4 [1.6-7.6]

0.071

4.7 [2.1-10.4]

3.1 [1.6-6.9]

0.002

SP-D (ng/mL)

121 [86–167]

125 [89–162]

0.625

116 [85–162]

114 [88–157]

0.651

PARC/CCL-18 (ng/mL)

111 [86–141]

110 [83–141]

0.943

121 [94–162]

113 [87–145]

0.027

PPPY COPD Hosp. Year 1

0.04

0.12

<0.001

0.65

0.38

0.004

PPPY OCS only exbs Y1

0.04

0.05

0.218

0.38

0.29

0.218

Diabetes

11%

6%

0.024

8%

9%

0.689

Cardiovascular (excluding HTN)

33%

33%

0.904

29%

37%

0.072

Reflux/heartburn

23%

23%

0.890

32%

33%

0.888

Anxiety

13%

20%

0.003

24%

16%

0.022

Depression symptoms

20%

29%

0.004

36%

28%

0.058

  1. P-values are comparisons between those who stayed in or changed exacerbation category. Data are mean (SD) or median [25% - 75% percentile].