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Table 5 Table of putative VOCs and empirical formulae associated with sputum eosinophilia and frequent exacerbations, shown in order of decreasing strength of correlation (r) between compounds and sputum eosinophil count, and number of exacerbations in the previous year

From: Exhaled volatile organic compounds for phenotyping chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study

Eosinophils ≥ 1%

r

Eosinophils ≥ 2%

r

Exacerbations ≥ 2 / yr

r

α-Methylstyrene C 9 H 10

−0.51

1, 1'-Biphenyl, 3-methyl- C 13 H 12

−0.49

Undecane, 3, 7-dimethyl C 13 H 28

−0.63

3-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, acetate C 12 H 20 O 2

−0.51

dodecanoic ac methylethylester C15H30O2

0.31

2, 2, 4, 4-Tetramethyloctane C 12 H 26

−0.58

benzofuran, 4, 5, 6, 7 tetrahydro-3, 6-dimethyl C 10 H 14 O

0.41

benzene,1, 2, 3, 4-tetramethyl- C10H14

0.29

1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4, 8, 8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, [1S-(1α,3aβ,4α,8aβ)]- C 15 H 24

−0.53

Decane, 3-methyl C 11 H 24

0.41

bicycle carene type C10H16

0.23

Naphthalene, 2, 3, 6-trimethyl- C 13 H 14

−0.49

Pentanoic acid, 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-3-carboxyisopropyl, isobutyl ester C16H30O4

−0.33

1, 5-Heptadiene, 2, 5-dimethyl-3-methylene- C10H16

0.20

Chlorobenzene H6H5Cl

−0.37

2 cyclopenten1one 3, 5, 5 trimethyl C8H12O

−0.31

  

Pentadecane, 3-methyl- C16H34

−0.37

2(1 H)Naphthalenone, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-hexahydro-4, 8a-dimethyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)- C15H22O

0.30

    
  1. Compounds with significant r values (p ≤ 0.05) shown in bold.