Figure 6
From: Maternal smoking and the retinoid pathway in the developing lung
Real-time PCR analysis of postnatal day 5 murine lung tissue showing significantly decreased expression of mRNA (normalized for 18 S expression) for genes regulated by retinoic acid that modulate alveolarization and/or postnatal lung function in mice exposed to tobacco toxin exposure during lung development (TT, N = 5) compared to tobacco-naïve mice (NS, N = 9). Abbreviations: SMA = smooth muscle actin, CD31 = platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, VEGF = vascular endothelial cell growth factor alpha, TGF-β = transforming growth factor beta, SPB = surfactant apoprotein beta. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data comparison performed with Student’s t-test for normally distributed data and Mann–Whitney for non-normally distributed data.