Figure 4
From: Maternal smoking and the retinoid pathway in the developing lung
Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) significantly (P < 0.05) decreases retinoic acid-stimulated (1 μM all groups) response element (RARE) activity as detected by a luciferase reporter plasmid in A549 cells. Luciferase activity was normalized to that of the retinoic acid-stimulated cultures without CSC. Data (mean ± SEM) are from 4 independent experiments. Data comparison performed using Student’s t-test.