Table 2 Association of flow-mediated dilation (assessed as post-occlusion brachial artery diameter corrected for baseline diameter) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation with gas exchange and exercise capacity parameters in current smokers.
From: Peripheral endothelial dysfunction is associated with gas exchange inefficiency in smokers
Overall population | Healthy population | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Peak VO2 | VO2@AT | O2 pulse | VE vs. VCO2 slope | VE/VCO2@AT | Peak VO2 | VO2@AT | O2 pulse | VE vs. VCO2 slope | VE/VCO2@AT | |
β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | |
FMD | ||||||||||
Adjusted for baseline BAD | 650.0 (243.5; 1056.5) | 288.7 (89.8; 487.5) | 2.7 (0.4; 5.0) | -5.2 (-8.5; -1.8) | -5.2 (-8.5; -1.8) | 866.8 (426.7; 1306.9) | 314.2 (90.5; 538.0) | 3.1 (0.5; 5.6) | -7.0 (-10.6; -3.3) | -6.5 (-10.2; -2.8) |
Fully adjusted† | 35.2 (-261.2; 331.6) | 57.0 (-117.9; 231.9) | -0.1 (-2.0; 1.8) | -3.9 (-7.1; -0.60) | -3.6 (-6.8; -0.4) | 109.0 (-227.6; 445.6) | 59.1 (-147.2; 265.4) | -0.2 (-2.3; 1.9) | -5.3 (-8.9; -1.7) | -4.6 (-8.2; -1.0) |
NMD | ||||||||||
Adjusted for baseline BAD | 448.6 (180.1; 717.1) | 93.7 (-38.4; 225.8) | 1.0 (-0.5; 2.6) | -0.8 (-2.9; 1.3) | -1.4 (-3.4; 0.6) | 349.3 (52.0; 646.6) | 50.9 (-98.0; 199.9) | 0.6 (-1.1; 2.3) | -0.5 (-2.9; 1.8) | -1.1 (-3.4; 1.2) |
Fully adjusted† | -2.1 (-203.1; 199.0) | -19.2 (-138.1; 99.6) | -0.6 (-1.9; 0.7) | 0.6 (-1.5; 2.7) | -0.2 (-2.2; 1.8) | -17.3 (-241.4; 206.7) | -27.9 (-166.1; 110.2) | -0.7 (-2.1; 0.7) | 0.9 (-1.4; 3.2) | 0.2 (-2.0; 2.4) |