From: Treatment of allergic asthma: Modulation of Th2 cells and their responses
Class | Examples of inhibitor(s) | Effect | Reference* |
---|---|---|---|
EGF receptor inhibitor | Gefitinib | Reduces the cell counts and Th2 cytokine levels in an OVA-challenged mouse model of allergic asthma | [200] |
Syk inhibitors | BAY 61-3606 | Inhibits disease signs in a mouse model of asthma | [201] |
 | R112 | Reduces allergic rhinitis upon intranasal administration | [202] |
JAK3 inhibitors | CP690550 | Blocks expression and signalling of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-13 | [203] |
 | WHI-P131 and WHI-P97 | Interferes with inflammatory mediators and mast cell degranulation in animal models of asthma | |
p38 MAPK/ERK inhibitor | U0126 | Inhibits airway and lung inflammation in mouses model of asthma Role of p38 in steroid resistant asthma patients is investigated in a clinical trial | [206] |
Inhaled p38 MAPK antisense oligonucleotide | ISIS101757 | Inhibits allergic immunity in mice | [207] |
p38α inhibitors | BIRB796, SB203580 and RWJ67657 | Inhibits airway and lung inflammation in mouse models of asthma | |
JNK inhibitor | SP600125 | Inhibits T cell cytokine production and lung inflammation in mouse models of asthma | |
Inhibitor of adenosine A1, A2b and A3 receptors, p38 MAPK and PDE4D | CGH2466 | Inhibits allergic asthma in mice | [213] |
PI3K inhibitors | Wortmannin and Ly294002 | Inhibits allergic asthma in mice | |
Inhibitor of IkappaB kinase-2 (IKK-2) | N/A | Reduces allergen-induced airway inflammation and AHR in animal models of asthma | |
IkappaB ubiquitination inhibitor | GS143 | Represses Th2, but not Th1 differentiation after allergen challenge in a mouse model of allergic asthma | [218] |
Selective PDE4 inhibitors | GSK256066, MK-0359 | Inhibits the fall in lung function in patients with asthma caused by inhaled allergen challenge | |
PDE3 and PDE4 inhibitors | RPL554 | Inhibits eosinophil recruitment following antigen challenge in guinea pigs | [221] |