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Table 2 In vitro experiments analysing the activity of ECP

From: Analysing the eosinophil cationic protein - a clue to the function of the eosinophil granulocyte

Cell type or other ECP added (μg/mL) Incubation time Outcome compared to control Inhibitory factors used Reference
Interactions with immune cells, epithelium and fibroblasts
human mononuclear cells (lymphocytes) stim. by PHA 0.2-2 48 hr 67 - 50 percent inhibition of growth   [86]
Plasma cell line 0.5 ng/mL   inhibition of Ig production anti ECP ab [87]
B lymphocyte cell line 1 ng/mL   inhibition of Ig production   [88]
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells 17 45 min 50 percent increased histamine release   [92]
Human heart Mast cells 4.7 60 sec 10-80 percent increased histamine release PGD2 synthesis Ca 2+, temperature [94]
Guinea-pig tracheal epithelium 103 6 hr exfoliation of mucosal cells   [79]
Feline tracheal epithelium 2.5 1 hr release of respiratory conjugates   [99]
Human trachea 2.5     [99]
Human primary epithelial cells 10 6 hr rECP, necrosis   [80]
Bovine mucus 100   3 fold altered structure   [97]
Nasal epithelial cells 2.1 ng/mL   upregulation of ICAM-1   [100]
Human corneal epithelial cells 100   decreased cell viability   [98]
Epithelial cell line NCI-H292 20 ng/mL 16 hr upregulation of IGF-1   [102]
Human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL1) 10 48 hr release of TGF beta, collagen contraction   [81]
Human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL1) 10 5 hr rECP and naive, migration anti ECPab [107]
Human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL1) 10 6 hr 6 fold increased proteoglycan accumulation   [108]
Potential effects due to high ECP levels in circulation and skin
Injection in skin intradermally 48 - 190 7 days ulceration, inflammatory cell influx poly lysine, MPO, onconase, carboxymethylation of RNase site, RI [114]
Plasma 18   Influencing coagulation factor XII, shortened coagulation time   [117]
Myosin heavy chain (MHC) 16.25 8 hr 20 percent degradation of 50 ug MHC   [118]
Guinea-pig intracerebrally 0.1-30 0 - 16 days low dose affecting cerebral activity, high dose, death   [121]
Human cell lines
K562 21 4 days 50 percent inhibition of growth   [34]
HL-60 21 4 days "   [34]
A431 76 4 days "   [34]
KS Y-1 1 16 hr 29 percent decreased viability   [126]
HL-60 80   rECP, 50 percent inhibition of growth   [31]
HeLa 160     [31]
HeLa 320 72 h
1 hr
24 hr 		50 percent inhibition of growth
4 fold increase in cytosolic Ca2+
1.5 fold increase in Caspase like activity 		  [125]
Interaction with pathogens
Larvae of S. mansoni 190   60 percent killed   [131]
Three day old S. mansoni 190   paralyzing   [131]
Trypanosoma cruzi 950 6 hr 40 percent killed   [132]
Brugia malayi 950 48 hr 90 percent killed   [132]
Escherichia coli 50 2 hr 72 percent decreased cfu   [135]
Staphylococcus aureus 50 2 hr 100 percent decreased cfu   [135]
" " 16 o.n. rECP, 65 percent decreased cfu   [21]
RSV-B 9.5   rECP, 6 fold reduction in infection   [139]
  1. ECP's influence on human cells, parasites, helminths, bacteria and viruses analysed in vitro. Presented in the table are amount protein used, duration of exposure, outcome and means to block the activity to prove specificity of the influence. anti ECPab: anti ECP antibody, rECP: recombinant ECP, RI: RNase inhibitor, o.n.: over night, cfu: colony forming units
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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