Table 3 Differences between stable COPD patients with and without bacterial colonisation
From: Colour of sputum is a marker for bacterial colonisation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Variables | Colonised (n = 58) | Not colonised (n = 61) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex, men, no. (%) | 54 (93.1) | 55 (90.2) | 0.74 |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 68.3 (8.3) | 67.6 (9.8) | 0.67 |
Current smokers, no. (%) | 7 (12.1) | 4 (6.6) | 0.35 |
Smoking, pack-years, mean (SD) | 46.7 (25.1) | 34.2 (23.4) | 0.006 |
Cardiovascular morbidity, no. (%) | 22 (37.9) | 20 (32.8) | 0.23 |
Comorbid conditions, mean (SD) | 1.06 (0.99) | 0.61 (1.02) | 0.025 |
Use of inhaled steroids, no. (%) | 46 (79.3) | 47 (77.1) | 0.83 |
Symptoms, no. (%) | |||
Dyspnoea | 56 (96.5) | 58 (95.1) | 0.72 |
Cough | 44 (75.9) | 56 (91.8) | 0.024 |
Expectoration | 57 (98.3) | 58 (95.1) | 0.62 |
Grade of dyspnoea, mean (SD) | 1.78 (0.92) | 1.15 (0.54) | <0.001 |
Exacerbations in the previous year, no. (%) | |||
Number | 0.021 | ||
≤2 | 31 (53.4) | 47 (77.1) | |
>2 | 27 (46.6) | 14 (22.9) | |
Requiring hospital admission | 0.007 | ||
None | 36 (62.1) | 51 (83.6) | |
≤1 | 16 (27.6) | 10 (16.4) | |
>1 | 6 (10.3) | 0 | |
Lung function tests, mean (SD) | |||
FVC, mL | 2852.7 (979.1) | 2710.9 (911.5) | 0.41 |
FVC, % | 70.5 (19.5) | 66.7 (18.9) | 0.28 |
FEV1, mL | 1411.4 (511.7) | 1380.0 (433.1) | 0.72 |
FEV1, % | 47.4 (15.2) | 45.1 (13.1) | 0.38 |
FEV1/FVC | 50.4 (11.8) | 52.6 (13.9) | 0.43 |
Sputum analysis | |||
Colour, mean (SD) | 2.94 (1.0) | 1.56 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Pro-inflammatory cytokines, median (IQR) in pg/mL | |||
IL-1, n = 53 | 14 (4-432) | 168 (49-758) | 0.82 |
IL-6, n = 53 | 258 (76-653) | 112 (33-368) | 0.62 |
IL-8, n = 61 | 13480 (1335-43400) | 5390 (252-14335) | 0.27 |
TNF-alpha, n = 54 | 45 (20-94) | 35 (10-183) | 0.12 |