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Table 7 Sputum biomarkers found to be reliable and predictive of COPD: P values for linear mixed effects models demonstrating associations between sputum biomarker concentrations and lung function and dyspnea.

From: Multi analyte profiling and variability of inflammatory markers in blood and induced sputum in patients with stable COPD

Sputum Biomarker

Post-bronchodilator FEV1

Residual Volume (% predicted)

Diffusion capacity (% predicted)

Baseline dyspnea index score

IL-6

0.0009

0.007

0.01

0.0007

IL-8

0.03

0.24

0.34

0.037

TIMP-1

0.004

0.01

0.07

0.009

VEGF

0.03

0.01

0.15

0.04