Table 5 MiRNAs involved in pathological processes in the lung.

miR-155, miR-17-92 cluster

deregulation results in uncontrolled inflammation (A)

[70, 71, 77]

miR-21, miR-27b, miR-100, miR-181c, miR-223, miR-224

increased following exposure to LPS (A)

[72]

miR-155

overexpressed in solid tumors, inhibition of tumor suppressor genes (A, H)

[81]

miR-223

impaired granulocyte function, regulator of granulocyte production and inflammatory response (A)

[82]

miR-148a/b, miR-152

allele-specific regulation of asthma susceptibility HLA-G gene (H)

[87]

miR-21

key role in asthma (A)

[88]

overexpressed in solid malignancies (A, H)

[103]

up-regulated in bleomycin-induced fibrosis and IPF (A, H)

[110]

miR-126

suppression of the asthmatic phenotype by blockade of miR-126 (A)

[89]

downregulated in cystic fibrosis airway

epithelial cells (H)

[111]

let-7, miR-29a, miR-155

regulation of allergic inflammation in bronchial epithelial cells (A, H)

[90]

let-7

pro-inflammatory effect in experimental asthma (A)

[91]

role in lung cancer progression (H)

[99]

miR-133a

regulator of expression of RhoA, target for asthma therapy (A, H)

[92, 93]

miR-146a

reduced expression in COPD fibroblasts (H)

[95]

miR-218, miR-15a, miR-199b, miR-125a/b, miR-294

deregulated due to smoking (A, H)

[96, 97]

miR-218

tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer (H)

[98]

miR-17-92 cluster

overexpressed in lung cancers (H)

[102]

miR-34

regulation of apoptosis in lung cancer cells (H)

[105–107]

miR-210

overexpressed in lung cancer (H)

[108]

let-7d

pro-fibrotic effect in pulmonary fibrosis (A, H)

[109]