From: Habitual Snoring in school-aged children: environmental and biological predictors
Variables | Prevalence of habitual snoring n (%) | Univariate regression models | |
---|---|---|---|
 |  | OR (95% CI) | P value |
Demographic characteristics | |||
Age (years, mean ± SD) |  |  | .040 |
5-6 | 309 (12.6) | 1.24 (1.14-1.47) | .014 |
7- | 491 (13.4) | 1.33 (1.14-1.55) | < .001 |
8- | 462 (12.4) | 1.22 (1.04-1.42) | .013 |
9- | 433 (11.8) | 1.15 (0.98-1.34) | .091 |
10- | 408 (11.2) | 1.09 (0.93-1.27) | .309 |
11- | 297 (10.4) | 1.00 | Â |
Gender (%) | Â | Â | < .001 |
Boys | 1437 (14.5) | 1.62 (1.49-1.77) | Â |
Girls | 963 (9.5) | 1.00 | Â |
Socioeconomic characteristics | |||
Family income (%) | Â | Â | < .001 |
<800 | 671 (13.8) | 1.36 (1.19-1.55) | < .001 |
800-2500 | 1309 (11.6) | 1.11 (0.99-1.25) | .082 |
≥ 2500 | 401 (10.6) | 1.00 |  |
Mather's education level (%) | Â | Â | .409 |
Low | 644 (11.7) | 0.94 (0.85-1.05) | .284 |
Medium | 770 (11.6) | 0.94 (0.85-1.04) | .237 |
High | 940 (12.3) | 1.00 | Â |
Father's education level (%) | Â | Â | .548 |
Low | 587 (12.4) | 1.04 (0.93-1.16) | .354 |
Medium | 802 (11.7) | 0.98 (0.88-1.08) | .442 |
High | 1008 (12.0) | 1.00 | Â |
Chronic health problems | |||
Obesity/overweight | Â | Â | < .001 |
Obesity | 349 (16.2) | 1.67 (1.15-1.66) | < .001 |
Overweight | 320 (15.4) | 1.57 (1.37-1.81) | < .001 |
Normal or under | 1344 (10.4) | 1.00 | Â |
Chronic or allergic rhinitis | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 421 (22.4) | 2.35 (2.09-2.65) | Â |
No | 1990 (10.9) | 1.00 | Â |
Asthma | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 138 (21.7) | 2.10 (1.73-2.55) | Â |
No | 2274 (11.7) | 1.00 | Â |
Adenotonsillar hypertrophy | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 498 (22.5) | 2.43 (2.17-2.71) | Â |
No | 1914 (10.7) | 1.00 | Â |
Chronic otitis media | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 141 (18.0) | 1.65 (1.37-1.99) | Â |
No | 2270 (11.7) | 1.00 | Â |
Food/drug allergy | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 174 (15.8) | 1.41 (1.19-1.67) | Â |
No | 2237 (11.8) | 1.00 | Â |
Environmental exposures | |||
Delivery | Â | Â | < .001 |
Caesarean sectionh | 906 (13.6) | 1.25 (1.15-1.37) | Â |
Vaginal Birth | 1497 (11.2) | 1.00 | Â |
Feeding patterns during the first four months | Â | Â | Â |
Breasting feeding | 1512 (11.4) | 1.00 | .001 |
Mixed/bottle feeding | 896 (13.1) | 1.16 (1.07-1.27) | Â |
Breast feeding | Â | Â | Â |
≥ 6 months | 1230 (11.2) | 1.00 | < .001 |
< 6 months | 1182 (12.9) | 1.21 (1.08-1.56) | Â |
Pregnancy maternal smoking | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 76 (19.5) | 1.81 (1.41-2.33) | Â |
No | 2333 (11.8) | 1.00 | Â |
Household passive smoking | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 668 (13.4) | 1.19 (1.08-1.31) | Â |
No | 1735 (11.5) | 1.00 | Â |
Family history of SDB | |||
Habitual snoring | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 1060 (16.0) | 1.72 (1.57-1.87) | Â |
No | 1352 (10.0) | 1.00 | Â |
OSAS | Â | Â | < .001 |
Yes | 93 (19.3) | 1.79 (1.42-2.26) | Â |
No | 2319 (11.8) | 1.00 | Â |