Figure 2
From: The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on pulmonary surfactant function and ultrastructure
Surface activity evaluated with the pulsating bubble surfactometer following 8 hour rotation at 0.43 Hz. A) Influence of TiO2 NSP on adsorption surface tension (γads) at a static bubble condition. B) Influence of TiO2 MSP on γads C) Influence of TiO2 NSP on surface tension at minimal bubble size (γmin) during pulsation D) TiO2 MSP effect on γmin. Values are given as means ± SEM of at least 4 experiments. ** indicates p values < 0.01; *** indicates p values < 0.001; both compared with the rotated 0 μg/ml particle concentration (grey columns). CO/white columns - control surfactant which was placed for 8 hours in an incubator without rotation.