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Figure 1 | Respiratory Research

Figure 1

From: Cigarette smoke attenuates the production of cytokines by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells and enhances the release of IL-8 in response to TLR-9 stimulation

Figure 1

CSE induces IL-8 release and potentiates TLR-mediated IL-8 release. pDCs (106 cells/ml) were stimulated with various concentrations of CSE (0.75–6%) for 8 h and amounts of IL-8 release was determined by supernatants of samples by ELISA (A). The viability of cells were determined after treatment with CSE at various concentration, CpG-A (2 μM) or in combination CSE (1.5%) and CpG-A (2 μM) by staining of cells with propidium idodide (PI) for 5 min. Cells were then analyzed by flow cytometry for a cell count of 10000. Data are presented as means ± SD from triplicates and three independent experiments (B). pDC (106 cells/ml) were stimulated with CSE (1.5%), CpG-A (2 μM) or in combination for 5 and 8 h and amounts of IL-8 at mRNA levels (C) and protein levels (D) was determined by total RNA and supernatants of samples by real time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Data presented mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).

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